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1.
Crit Care ; 27(1): 414, 2023 10 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37908002

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The results of clinical and weaning readiness tests and the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) are used to predict the success of the weaning process and extubation. METHODS: We evaluated the capacity of the cuff leak test, rate of rapid and shallow breathing, cough intensity, and diaphragmatic contraction velocity (DCV) to predict the success of the SBT and extubation in a prospective, multicenter observational study with consecutive adult patients admitted to four intensive care units. We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess the tests' predictive capacity and built predictive models using logistic regression. RESULTS: We recruited 367 subjects who were receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and on whom 456 SBTs were performed, with a success rate of 76.5%. To predict the success of the SBT, we derived the following equation: (0.56 × Cough) - (0.13 × DCV) + 0.25. When the cutoff point was ≥ 0.83, the sensitivity was 91.5%, the specificity was 22.1%, and the overall accuracy was 76.2%. The area under the ROC curve (AUC-ROC) was 0.63. To predict extubation success, we derived the following equation: (5.7 × SBT) + (0.75 × Cough) - (0.25 × DCV) - 4.5. When the cutoff point was ≥ 1.25, the sensitivity was 96.8%, the specificity was 78.4%, and the overall accuracy was 91.5%. The AUC-ROC of this model was 0.91. CONCLUSION: Objective measurement of cough and diaphragmatic contraction velocity could be used to predict SBT success. The equation for predicting successful extubation, which includes SBT, cough, and diaphragmatic contraction velocity values, showed excellent discriminative capacity.


Assuntos
Extubação , Tosse , Adulto , Humanos , Tosse/diagnóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Desmame do Respirador/métodos , Respiração Artificial/métodos
2.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 36(3): 481-486, 20210000. fig, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1254307

RESUMO

Introducción. La prevención de las complicaciones en el manejo de la apendicitis aguda sigue siendo un reto para el cirujano pediatra; por lo que es de gran importancia comparar las opciones de manejo quirúrgico, para saber si es posible prevenir dichos resultados, que finalmente llevan a un aumento en el uso de recursos necesarios para tratar a un paciente. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las complicaciones postoperatorias y los costos de la laparoscopia transumbilical asistida y la laparoscopia multipuerto, en pacientes pediátricos en un hospital general de cuarto nivel de la ciudad de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, entre octubre de 2011 y enero de 2019. Métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, en el que se incluyeron los pacientes entre 0 y 16 años de edad, con historia clínica completa y diagnóstico postquirúrgico de apendicitis aguda, los cuales fueron intervenidos mediante cirugía laparoscópica transumbilical asistida o por multipuerto. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo univariado y bivariado. Resultados. De los 850 pacientes operados en ese periodo, la técnica quirúrgica más usada fue multipuerto (n=528, 62,1%) y se presentaron complicaciones en 59 (6,94%) de los pacientes. El diagnóstico postquirúrgico más frecuente fue apendicitis no perforada (n=762, 89,6%). Al comparar los dos grupos se encontró un valor de p de 0,9685 para la edad, 0,5364 para el diagnóstico postquirúrgico, 0,1127 para las complicaciones postoperatorias y 0,0085 para el costo. Discusión. El costo de hospitalización y las complicaciones de los pacientes a quienes se les practicó apendicectomía transumbilical asistida es similar a la técnica por multipuerto


Introduction. The prevention of complications in the management of acute appendicitis remains a challenge for the pediatric surgeon. Therefore, it is of great importance to compare the surgical management options, to know if it is possible to prevent these results, which ultimately lead to an increase in the use of resources necessary to treat a patient. The objective of this study was to compare the postoperative complications and costs of assisted transumbilical laparoscopy and multiport laparoscopy in pediatric patients. Method. Observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic convenience sampling, where patients between 0 and 16 years old with a complete medical history, with a postsurgical diagnosis of acute appendicitis, who underwent assisted transumbilical surgery or by multiport performed at a fourth level general hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, between October 2011 and January of 2019. A descriptive univariate and bivariate analysis was performed. Results. Of the 850 patients operated on in this period, the most used surgical technique was multiport (n=528; 62.1%) and complications occurred in 59 (6.94%) of the patients. The most frequent postsurgical diagnosis was non-perforated appendicitis (n=762; 89.6%). Comparing the two groups, a p-value of 0.9685 was found for age, 0.5364 for postsurgical diagnosis, 0.1127 for postoperative complications, and 0.0085 for cost. Discussion. The cost of hospitalization and complications for patients who underwent assisted transumbilical appendectomy is similar to the multiport technique


Assuntos
Humanos , Apendicite , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Apendicectomia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Custos e Análise de Custo
3.
Infectio ; 25(1): 16-21, ene.-mar. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1154396

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: Los microorganismos capaces de producir carbapenemasas vienen incrementándose a nivel mundial y se han convertido en un problema de salud pública global. En Colombia actualmente la resistencia a carbapenémicos en las unidades de cuidado intensivo está aumentando y se desconoce su impacto en desenlaces clínicos. Objetivos: Determinar las características demográficas, clínicas, y los desenlaces de los pacientes adultos en estado crítico con infección por microorganismos productores de carbapenemasas en una unidad de cuidado intensivo polivalente de una institución de alta complejidad. Métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, incluyendo pacientes con infección por bacterias resistentes a carbapenémicos, ingresados a la unidad de cuidado intensivo entre el 1 de Enero de 2014 y el 1 de Enero de 2018. Se excluyeron los pacientes colonizados. Se evaluaron complicaciones clínicas, estancia en UCI y hospitalaria, así como la mortalidad en UCI y hospitalaria. Resultados: Se incluyó 58 pacientes. La mortalidad global fue de 67,2%, de los cuales 55,17% murió durante su estancia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo y 12.06% en hospitalización. La mediana de estancia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo fue de 18 días (RIQ 4-28). La causa más frecuente de mortalidad fue choque séptico en 51% y las complicaciones más comunes fueron lesión renal aguda y delirium en un 55,2% y 43,1%, respectivamente. La mediana de estancia en la UCI fue de 18 días (RIQ 4-28). Conclusiones: Las infecciones por bacterias resistentes a carbapenémicos en pacientes críticamente enfermos se relacionan con altas tasas de mortalidad, complicaciones y estancia prolongada en UCI


Abstract Introduction: Microorganisms able to produce carbapenemases are spreading worldwide and have become a concerning global public-health problem. In Colombia, the Gram-negative resistance to carbapenems at intensive care units is currently increasing and its impact on clinical outcomes is not well known. Objectives: To determine the demographic, clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically ill adult patients with infection by carbapenemase producing bacteria in a polyvalent intensive care unit of a highly complex institution. Methods: Single-center retrospective, descriptive observational study including critically ill adult patients infected by carbapenemase-producing bacteria and transferred to a polyvalent intensive care unit from January 1th 2014 to January 1th 2018. Known colonized patients were excluded. Clinical complications, ICU and in-hospital days of stay were evaluated, as ICU and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 58 patients were included. Overall mortality was 67.2%, of which 55.17% died during their stay in the intensive care unit and 12.06% in hospitalization. The median stay in the intensive care unit was 18 days (IQR 4-28). The most frequent cause of death was septic shock in 51% and the most common complications were acute renal injury and delirium in 55.2% and 43.1%, respectively. The median stay in the ICU was 18 days (RIQ 4-28). Conclusions: Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria in critically ill patients are associated with high mortality rates, complications and long stay in ICU.


Assuntos
Bactérias , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Carbapenêmicos , Infecção Hospitalar , Colômbia , Hospitalização , Hospitais , Infecções , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva
4.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 23(3): 3556-3560, sept. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-656546

RESUMO

En este artículo se describe el raro caso de una niña de 7 años de edad en quien se realizó un diagnóstico histopatológico final de linfangioma quístico en el intestino delgado. Los linfangiomas son lesiones benignas de origen vascular que muestran diferenciación linfática y pueden ocurrir en muchas regiones anatómicas, pero los del tubo digestivo son poco frecuentes. Dada la localización atípica y los hallazgos radiológicos, se ilustra este caso documentado, seguido por una revisión de la literatura.


Assuntos
Intestino Delgado , Linfangioma , Linfangioma Cístico
5.
Biomedica ; 31(2): 178-84, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22159533

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Cardiomyopathy is the most common clinical form of Chagas' disease in Colombia, and one treatment option is a heart transplant. Tracking the behavior of the Chagas' parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, is a priority due to the risk of post-transplant reactivation of the infection. OBJECTIVE: A case is presented of a patient who had suffered from dilated chagasic cardiopathy and cardiac failure, and had subsequently undergone heart transplant. The case was monitored by PCR, histopathological and echocardiographic examinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples were drawn before and after the transplant, and post-transplant endomyocardial biopsies were taken. The extracted DNA was amplified with the TcH2AF-R and S35-S36 primers. Parasitemia was examined by the microhematocrit test. In addition, histopathological studies determined the parasite presence and transplant rejection status. Echocardiograms were administered to evaluate cardiac function. RESULTS: Of the blood samples taken 83 and 48 days pre-transplant, the latter was positive by the S35-S36 PCR test. PCR tests in blood with both primers were negative up to the second month post-transplant. However, both PCR tests were positive by the third month post-transplant. Thereupon, the patient was treated with nifurtimox. Both tests presented negative results in blood 35 days after treatment was started and remained negative thereafter at 0, 3, 10 and 12 months post-treatment. The pathology, microhematocrit, and PCR test results from biopsies were negative on all the specified dates. CONCLUSIONS: PCR tests were used as indicators of a reactivation of trypanosomid infection in the patient. After treatment administration, PCR tests became negative. The patient's clinical evolution was favorable.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/sangue , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/cirurgia , Transplante de Coração , Trypanosoma cruzi/genética , Animais , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/tratamento farmacológico , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/parasitologia , Colômbia , Primers do DNA , Feminino , Seguimentos , Coração/parasitologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nifurtimox/uso terapêutico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Tripanossomicidas/uso terapêutico
6.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 5(8): e1294, 2011 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21886854

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: CD4+/CD8+ double positive (DP) T cells have been described in healthy individuals as well as in patients with autoimmune and chronic infectious diseases. In chronic viral infections, this cell subset has effector memory phenotype and displays antigen specificity. No previous studies of double positive T cells in parasite infections have been carried out. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Seventeen chronic chagasic patients (7 asymptomatic and 10 symptomatic) and 24 non-infected donors, including 12 healthy and 12 with non-chagasic cardiomyopathy donors were analyzed. Peripheral blood was stained for CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-DR and CD38, and lymphocytes for intracellular perforin. Antigen specificity was assessed using HLA*A2 tetramers loaded with T. cruzi K1 or influenza virus epitopes. Surface expression of CD107 and intracellular IFN-γ production were determined in K1-specific DP T cells from 11 chagasic donors. Heart tissue from a chronic chagasic patient was stained for both CD8 and CD4 by immunochemistry. Chagasic patients showed higher frequencies of DP T cells (2.1% ± 0.9) compared with healthy (1.1% ± 0.5) and non-chagasic cardiomyopathy (1.2% ± 0.4) donors. DP T cells from Chagasic patients also expressed more HLA-DR, CD38 and perforin and had higher frequencies of T. cruzi K1-specific cells. IFN-γ production in K1-specific cells was higher in asymptomatic patients after polyclonal stimulation, while these cells tended to degranulate more in symptomatic donors. Immunochemistry revealed that double positive T cells infiltrate the cardiac tissue of a chagasic donor. CONCLUSIONS: Chagasic patients have higher percentages of circulating double positive T cells expressing activation markers, potential effector molecules and greater class I antigenic specificity against T. cruzi. Although K1 tetramer positive DP T cell produced little IFN-γ, they displayed degranulation activity that was increased in symptomatic patients. Moreover, K1-specific DP T cells can migrate to the heart tissue.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antígenos CD/análise , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/química , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/química , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/patologia , Feminino , Antígenos HLA/análise , Humanos , Interferon gama/biossíntese , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Miocárdio/patologia , Perforina/análise , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/química
7.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 31(2): 178-184, jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-617528

RESUMO

Introducción. La cardiomiopatía es la forma clínica más común de la enfermedad de Chagas en Colombia, siendo el trasplante una opción para su tratamiento. Debido al riesgo de reactivación de la infección posterior al trasplante, es prioritario vigilar el comportamiento del parásito. Objetivo. Presentar el caso de un paciente con cardiopatía chagásica dilatada y falla cardiaca, a quien se le practicó trasplante de corazón y se le hizo seguimiento mediante PCR, análisis histopatológicos y ecocardiográficos. Materiales y métodos. Se tomaron muestras de sangre antes de la intervención y después de ella y de biopsias endomiocárdicas posteriores al trasplante. El ADN extraído fue amplificado con los iniciadores TcH2AF-R y S35-S36. La parasitemia se examinó mediante la técnica de microhematocrito. Se practicaron estudios histopatológicos para determinar la presencia del parásito o el rechazo del trasplante y, ecocardiográficos, para evaluar la función cardiaca. Resultados. De las muestras de sangre tomadas a los 83 y 48 días previos al trasplante, la última fue positiva por la PCR S35-S36. Hasta el segundo mes después del trasplante, ambas PCR fueron negativas. Al tercer mes después del trasplante, ambas PCR fueron positivas, por lo cual se inició tratamiento con nifurtimox. Tras 35 días de haberse iniciado el tratamiento, ambas pruebas presentaron resultados negativos, al igual que las tomadas a los 0, 3, 10 y 12 meses posteriores. Los resultados de la histopatología, del microhematocrito y de las PCR de las biopsias, fueron negativos en todas las fechas. Conclusiones. Las PCR permitieron sospechar la reactivación de la infección en el paciente, se le administró el tratamiento y posterioremente las pruebas se tornaron negativas. La evolución clínica del paciente ha sido favorable.


Introduction. Cardiomyopathy is the most common clinical form of Chagas’ disease in Colombia, and one treatment option is a heart transplant. Tracking the behavior of the Chagas’ parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, is a priority due to the risk of post-transplant reactivation of the infection. Objective. A case is presented of a patient who had suffered from dilated chagasic cardiopathy and cardiac failure, and had subsequently undergone heart transplant. The case was monitored by PCR, histopathological and echocardiographic examinations. Materials and methods. Blood samples were drawn before and after the transplant, and post-transplant endomyocardial biopsies were taken. The extracted DNA was amplified with the TcH2AF-R and S35-S36 primers. Parasitemia was examined by the microhematocrit test. In addition, histopathological studies determined the parasite presence and transplant rejection status. Echocardiograms were administered to evaluate cardiac function. Results. Of the blood samples taken 83 and 48 days pre-transplant, the latter was positive by the S35-S36 PCR test. PCR tests in blood with both primers were negative up to the second month post-transplant. However, both PCR tests were positive by the third month post-transplant. Thereupon, the patient was treated with nifurtimox. Both tests presented negative results in blood 35 days after treatment was started and remained negative thereafter at 0, 3, 10 and 12 months post-treatment. The pathology, microhematocrit, and PCR test results from biopsies were negative on all the specified dates. Conclusions. PCR tests were used as indicators of a reactivation of trypanosomid infection in the patient. After treatment administration, PCR tests became negative. The patient’s clinical evolution was favorable.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Dilatada , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica , Doença de Chagas , Ecocardiografia , Transplante de Coração , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Trypanosoma cruzi
8.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 18(2): 135-139, abr.-jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-636857

RESUMO

La enfermedad de Kikuchi Fujimoto se caracteriza histológicamente por la presencia de linfadenitis necrotizante, que igualmente se encuentra descrita en Lupus Eritematosos Sistémico, con características clínicas y patológicas comunes que pueden sugerir una posible relación entre estas dos enfermedades. ¿Es la enfermedad de Kikuchi Fujimoto una manifestación del Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico?. A continuación se presenta un caso de una mujer con Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico con linfadenitis necrotizante y linfadenopatía generalizada.


Kikuchi Fujimoto is histologically characterized by the presence of necrotizing lymphadenitis, which is also described in Lupus Erythematosus with common clinical and pathological features that may suggest a possible relationship between these two diseases. Is Kikuchi Fujimoto disease a manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus? We report a case of a woman with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with necrotizing lymphadenitis and lymphadenopathy.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Linfadenite Histiocítica Necrosante , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico , Linfadenite , Mulheres , Adolescente , Linfadenopatia
9.
Univ. med ; 50(4): 452-467, oct.-dic. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-601552

RESUMO

El trasplante de islotes de páncreas es un campo en desarrollo para el tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus. En la actualidad, la técnica de aislamiento es un proceso complejo que todavía tiene algunos problemas. Dos de los problemas que encontramos son el alto costo del procedimiento y la toxicidad celular por el uso de Ficoll durante la purificación de islotes pancreáticos de Langerhans. Hemos centrado nuestros esfuerzos en reducir el costo del procedimiento y la lesión celular mediante el uso de filtros de nylon como una alternativa al gradiente de Ficoll para mejorar los resultados de aislamiento de islotes en un modelo animal.


Pancreas islet transplantation is a developing field for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Currently the isolation technique is a complex process that still has some problems to overcome. Two of the problems we addressed were the high cost of the procedure and the cellular toxicity derived from Ficoll use during purification of pancreatic islets of Langerhans during the isolation procedure. We focused our efforts in reducing both the cost of the procedure and cellular injury by using nylon filters as an alternative to Ficoll gradient purification and improving the outcome of islet isolation in a large animal model.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus , Transplante das Ilhotas Pancreáticas , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico
10.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 10(8): 435-446, sept.-oct. 2003. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-358897

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La Angioplastia (ACTP) se practica en dos millones de procedimientos por año en el mundo y la reestenosis (RE), continúa siendo su talón de Aquilas. Se invocan cuatro mecanismos en RE: 1. La trombosis 2. El retroceso elástico. 3. La remodelación arterial constrictiva. 4. La hiperplasia de la íntima. Los tres primeros son combatidos con los stent, inhibidores de GP llb/llla, antiagregantes y anticoagulantes. El último es responsable casi único de la RE post-stent. La endotelina 1 (ET1) produce proliferación celular. Se busca demostrar el impacto de los Ac AntiETI, por inyección intracoronaria (IC) o generados por respuesta inmune a la aplicación subcutánea (SC) de ET1, sobre el crecimiento de NEO, en porcinos sometidos a barotrauma con stent. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó ACTP a 12 cerdos (36 especímenes arteriales) y se sacrificaron luego de cuatro semanas de observación. Los especímenes se dividieron en tres grupos, previa aleatorización, resultando 12 especímenes de cada grupo. El grupo placebo recibió infusión intracoronaria de solución salina inmediatamente antes del barotrauma. El segundo grupo recibió infusión intracoronaria de Ac AET1 y el tercer grupo recibió inyección SC de ET1, 14 días antes del trauma. Los segmentos fueron estudiados con IVUS e histomoríometría. ANÁLISIS ESTADÍSTICO: realizado por la t de student para comparación de medias independientes y por ser grupos pequeños se aplicó la prueba de Mann-Whitney. En ambos casos se realizó un análisis a dos colas. Resultados: Se obtuvo una reducción significativa en el área NEO, tanto con inyección de Ac AET1 IC como con ET1 SC. (p < 0,001) tanto con IVUS como en el análisis histomorfométrico. CONCLUSIONES: Los Ac AET1 parecen prevenir el crecimiento de NEO post- Stent. No hay ventaja significativa entre las dos formas de intervención.


Assuntos
Animais , Anticorpos , Doença das Coronárias , Endotelina-1 , Neoplasias Cardíacas
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